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Reconstruction of temperature in the Central Alps during the past 2000 yr from a δ18O stalagmite record

Mangini, A., Spotl, C. and Verdes, P. 2005; Earth and Planetary Science Letters 235: 741-751

Abstract

The precisely dated isotopic composition of a stalagmite from Spannagel Cave in the Central Alps is translated into a highly resolved record of temperature at high elevation during the past 2000 yr. Temperature maxima during the Medieval Warm Period between 800 and 1300 AD are in average about 1.7 °C higher than the minima in the Little Ice Age and similar to present-day values. The high correlation of this record to Δ14C suggests that solar variability was a major driver of climate in Central Europe during the past 2 millennia.

P.S.: Another publication using data from this cave:

Persistent influence of the North Atlantic hydrography on central European winter temperature during the last 9000 years
A. Mangini, P. Verdes, C. Spötl, D. Scholz, N. Vollweiler, and B. Kromer

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 2007, VOL. 34 (PDF)